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Bae Gae String used to separate newly formed wet paper. Without Bae Gae, the whole stack of wet paper will be stuck together as they are drained. Baek Dak Literally translates to 'white Dak'. Finest non-bleached white inner layer. Baek Pi The most inner layer of paper mulberry bark that is white. Only 30-50% of the bark is considered to be Baek Pi. For finest quality Hanji, only this white layer is used. Bal Screen used in paper formation. Bak Pi Stripping process of steamed paper mulberry stem. Cham Dak The best quality Korean paper mulberry. Cham Dak translates to 'true paper mulberry'. Chung Pi Green middle layer of paper mulberry bark between the white layer(Baek Pi) and the black layer(Heuk Pi). Dak Paper mulberry in Korean. Main material for Hanji. Dak Mu Ji Steaming process of paper mulberry stem after the harvest. First step in making Hanji. Dak Pul Natural formation aid obtained from roots of hibiscus plant. This viscous liquid keeps Dak fibers suspended in the vat and prevents long fibers from tangling. Dochim Similar to manual calendering in western papermaking. Finished sheets are pounded while damp until the fibers become compact. This process adds strength, sheen, and significantly improves ink spread. Ga Deum Tteu Gi Another name for Ssang Bal, commonly known as Japanese formation technique. 'Ga Deum' means 'to contain' and 'Tteu Gi' translates to 'formation'. Ga Ro Tteu Gi Another name for Ssang Bal, commonly known as Japanese formation technique. 'Ga Ro', implying the 'width' of the mould, refers to the orientation of the mould. It is placed wider than longer from the papermaker's perspective. 'Tteu Gi' translates to 'formation'. Go Hae Separation process of Dak fiber. Traditionally, fibers are beaten by hand, however, contemporary papermakers often rely on automated equipment for the job. Go Ryeo Ji Refers to paper of Go Ryeo dynasty(918-1392 A.D.). Go Ryeo Ji was one of the most sough after gifts of neighboring Asian countries. Geung Gul Dae Wooden log used to remove remaining water and air bubble off the wet post. Hanji Translates to 'Korean paper'. This distinction became necessary when western paper was introduced to Korea. Nowdays, it commonly refers to hand made mulberry paper. Heuk Pi Black outer layer of paper mulberry bark. Heul Lim Tteu Gi Another name for We Bal, traditional Korean formation technique. 'Heul Lim' means 'to flow' and 'Tteu Gi' translates to 'formation'. Hwang Chok Kyu Root of hibiscus plant. Used to extract natural formation aid. The tacky solution from this root keeps long mulberry fibers suspended in the vat and prevents them from tangling. It also allows the fibers to flow freely and evenly across the screen in formation process and helps to separate the wet sheets from the stack later. Ji Bang Translates to 'paper room', which is designated for the purpose of drying Hanji. Jik Ji Sim Che Yo Jeol World's oldest movable metal type from 1377 A.D. It is a UNESCO World Heritage Document. Mu Gu Jung Kwang Dae Da Ra Ni Kyung World's oldest surviving wood block print from 751 A.D. This document showed that Korea had already accomplished an astonishing level sophistication in paper production as well as printing technique. On Dol Heated floor of traditional Korean house. Sometimes Hanji was dried in paper room(Ji Bang) with On Dol. Samji Dak Another type of Dak which is similar to Mitsumata. Because the surface of Samji Dak paper is very smooth, it was widely used in printing books and sutras. Se Ro Tteu Gi Another name for We Bal, traditional Korean formation technique. 'Se Ro', implying the 'length' of the mould, refers to the orientation of the mould. It is placed longer than wider from the papermaker's perspective. 'Tteu Gi' translates to 'formation'. Ssang Bal Formation technique generally known as Japanese. Papermaker holds two handles and starts with a dip towards him, and then gently moves the mould left and right until a desired thickness is formed across the screen. Excess water is then discharged off the opposite end from him. This technique typically yields a sheet with a grain direction. Recommended for projects that require alignments of grain direction. Tul Mould for paper formation. For We Bal, the screen(Bal) is placed on top of the Tul. For Ssang Bal, the screen is placed in between the top and bottom frame. Um Yang Ji Refers to papers formed by We Bal technique. We also used the term Yin Yang Ji since Yin Yang is a term commonly used in English. Each Yin Yang Ji has two layers- Yin and Yang. These papers have no dominant grain direction and retain the original size after being wet and dried. We Bal Korean traditional formation technique. Papermaker holds two front corners and starts with a fast dip towards him, and then tilts the mould to discharge the water off the opposite end from him. He then starts a multiple set of dynamic side to side movement until a desired thickness is formed across the screen. Papers formed by this technique generally has two layers, Yin and Yang, in one sheet. This is true of even the thinnest Yin Yang Ji. These papers have no dominant grain direction and retain the original size after being wet and dried. Great for projects requiring dimensional stability. Yin Yang Ji English term for Um Yang Ji. Refers to papers formed by We Bal technique. Each Yin Yang Ji has two layers- Yin and Yang. These papers have no dominant grain direction and retain the original size after being wet and dried. Yuk Je Natural alkali from plant ash. Traditionally, ash from rice straw or stalk of buckwheat, cotton plant, soy bean and pepper was used. This is the mildest alkali for mulberry fiber.